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  • The Earth's movements > Planet Earth and its representation
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          2. The Earth's movements

          Talking book
          IMPORTANT

          Sunrise (in the east) and sunset (in the west) allows us to orient ourselves; to identify east and to find the cardinal points: north, south, east and west.

          In the Middle Ages, the compass was invented in China. A compass indicates north, and its opposite, south.

          The magnetised needles of the compass point to magnetic north.

          Just like the other planets, the Earth moves in two different ways: rotation and revolution.

          2.1. Rotation

          Talking book
          image
          Animation: Rotation

           

          Rotation is the movement of the Earth as it turns on its own axis, once every 24 hours (one day).

           

          The Earth rotates on an imaginary line called the Earth's axis. The axis is a little tilted and runs through the centre of the planet between the North and South Poles.

          In the diagram, you can see that the Sun's rays only reach part of the Earth's surface. As the Earth turns on its axis during the course of the day, different parts of the planet are gradually illuminated. This is what causes days and nights.

          2.2. Revolution

          Talking book
          image
          Animation: Revolution

           

          Revolution is the movement of the Earth around the Sun, creating an elongated or elliptical orbit.

           

          It takes the Earth 365 days and 6 hours to complete one revolution. A calendar year is 365 days, so the 6 hours accumulate. Every 4 years we add one day to the month of February, which goes from 28 days to 29. A year with 366 days is called a leap year.

          Because the Earth's axis is tilted, the Sun's rays hit the Earth differently depending on the time of year, causing variations in temperature and the length of the day. So, as the Earth revolves around the Sun, we get different seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. The seasons in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are opposite: when it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere.

          Talking book
          Video 3: The Earth's rotation and revolution
          Weblink 1: Earth, Sun and Moon
          Weblink 2: Winter solstice

           

          1

          Activity 8
          Listen and choose true or false. Say the correct answer for the false ones.

          2

          Activity 9
          Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)

          3

          Activity 10
          Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)

          4

          Activity 11
          Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)

           
          The Earth's movements
          Planet Earth and its representation
          Without background sound
          Logo

          Activity 8

          0/4
          Listen and choose true or false. Say the correct answer for the false ones.
          • Rotation is the movement of the Earth round the Sun creating an elongated or elliptical orbit.
          • Correct answer
            Wrong answer
          • A year with 366 days is called a leap year.
          • Correct answer
            Wrong answer
          • In spring and summer days and nights are the same length.
          • Correct answer
            Wrong answer
          • When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere.
          • Correct answer
            Wrong answer
          Earth's movements
          Earth's movements

            1 attempt
          Done
          The Earth's movements
          Planet Earth and its representation
          Without background sound
          Logo

          Activity 9

          P
          Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)
          Find Spain and then Australia on the map, or on a political  map. When is the longest day in Spain? And when is the longest day in Australia? Can you explain why?
            When are days and nights the same length of time?
          World map
          World map

            1 attempt
          Done
          The Earth's movements
          Planet Earth and its representation
          Without background sound
          Logo

          Activity 10

          P
          Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)
          Compare the four trees in different seasons. Identify the main differences and explain what causes them.
           
          Spring, summer, autumn and winter
          Spring, summer, autumn and winter

            1 attempt
          Done
          The Earth's movements
          Planet Earth and its representation
          Without background sound
          Logo

          Activity 11

          P
          Responde a las siguientes preguntas: (500 palabras máximo cada pregunta)
          If the Earth rotates on its own axis and moves in space around the Sun, why can't we feel the Earth moving? Investigate and write your findings here.
           

            1 attempt
          Done