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Global Grade

Revision mode

Explain the meaning of the following terms. To do this, match each term with its definition.

heterotrophic
multicellular
eukaryote

a cell with DNA enclosed in a nucleus
a body made up of several cells
an organism that feeds on organic matter

Order the following terms according to their complexity (levels of organisation):

Cell theory explains that the cell is the vital unit in all organisms. Complete the following sentences so they match the findings of cell theory:

a) All living things are made of .
b) Cells are the and units of living things.
c) Each cell comes from the of other .
d) The is the most , independent unit of life.

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? Match each reticulum to its definition.

rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum

It synthesises lipids and destroy toxic substances.
It stores the proteins synthesised by ribosomes attached to their membrane. The proteins are stored inside where they undergo a maturation process.

Why do you think cell membranes are semipermeable? Select the right answers.

Name the different parts of the cell.

Imagine two cells with the following shapes and dimensions:

a) Calculate their volume.

Volume A: µm3.

Volume B: µm3.

b) Calculate their superficial area.

Superficial area A: µm2.

Superficial area B: µm2.

c) Calculate the relationship between their superficial area and their volume.

First cell: µm-1.

Second cell: µm-1.

d) If both cells have to absorb a substance from the external medium, which cell would perform this task faster? Why?

The cell that has the surface to volume ratio as it will absorb it faster. In this case, cell .

Match each cellular function to its correspondent cytoplasmic organelle.

protein formation
energy production
secretion of substances
storage of substances

vacuoles
Golgi apparatus
ribosomes
mitochondria

What happens to a human cell when it is submerged in salt water? Select the right answer.

In order to incorporate nutrients obtained by endocytosis into the cytoplasm, particles need to be digested. Which organelle would perform this function? Select the right answer.

Human tissue is submerged into nine solutions that have different concentrations of salt. The tissue is weighed before and after being submerged in each solution. The following graph displays the variations in mass after 30 minutes.

a) What is causing the variation of the tissue’s mass?

b) What happened to the tissue that was submerged in the solution whose concentration was 0.1?

c) What happened to the tissue that was submerged in the solution whose concentration was 0.6?

d) Which solutions did not alter the mass of the tissue?

e) Which solutions are hypotonic in relation to the tissue?

f) Which solutions can be considered hypertonic?

Do all human cells have exactly the same organelles?

Why?

Identify the tissues displayed in the following images

What cell has more mitochondria, one found in muscle tissue or one found in bone tissue?

One found in .

Why?

Identify the tissue that relates to the following definition:

“Its cells are found in all organs covering and connecting other tissues.”

Can all cells incorporate substances by endocytosis? Investigate which cells are able to perform this process and relate it to their function in our organism.

Identify the relevant tissue, organ or systems corresponding to the following functions.

a) lining the body and protection
b) regulating and controlling the organism
c) protecting internal cavities
d) hormone production
e) supporting the organism

glands
skin
mucus
bones and the skeletal system
nervous and endocrine systems

Complete the following table by placing the following terms under their correct heading:

organelle

cell

tissue

organ

system

What system will be affected if any the following events happened? Match the different situations to their corresponding systems.

a) fracturing a leg
b) being anaesthetised
c) cardiac arrest
d) nosebleeds

skeletal and muscular systems
circulatory system
nervous system
circulatory system

Answer the following questions:

a) Why is the excretory system part of nutrition?

b) Which systems are responsible for coordinating all the organs in the body?

c) What would happen if we didn’t have sense organs?

d) What is the function of the endocrine system?

,
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