The population of Spain and Europe

A crowded planet

Our planet is crowded. A hundred years ago, the world's population was less than two billion. Today, the world's population is over seven billion. It is growing by 200,000 people every day.

The continent with the biggest population is Asia, followed by Africa and Europe. Antarctica is the continent with the smallest population. The most populated country is China, followed by India. Iceland, Andorra, Monaco and Vatican City are among the least populated countries in the world. London is the most populated city in the European Union, with a population of about eight million.

An increasing population can cause many problems. One big problem of overpopulation is that we don't have enough natural resources. Scientists are looking for solutions.

Read and understand

Is the world's population growing fast? Explain.

Which are the three most populated continents in the world?

Which are the two most populated countries in the world?

Which are some of the least populated countries in the world?

Why can overpopulation be a problem?

SPEAKING. Talk to your partner about the population of your city or town. How has it changed over time? Has it increased or decreased?

What do you remember?

Population

Population is the number of people who live in a particular area. Population can be classified by age or gender.

What age group are you in? Are you male or female?

Population can increase or decrease depending on the number of births and deaths that happen in that place.

If lots of people are born and few people die, does the population increase or decrease? Explain.

1. The population of Spain

Today, the total population of Spain is about 47 million people. This is the total number of people registered in the census.

Birth rate and death rate

The population of an area can change depending on:

Birth rate. This is the number of babies born in a place in one year.
Spain currently has a low birth rate. On average, 10 babies are born for every 1,000 inhabitants.
Death rate. This is the number of people who die in a place in one year.
Spain currently has a low death rate. Only 9 people die for every 1,000 inhabitants.
Natural growth. This is the difference between the number of people who are born in an area in one year and the number of people who die.

Evolution of the population in Spain.

The population of Spain

Migration

Migration refers to people who move from one country to another. Migration influences the population of a place.

Emigrants are people who leave their country to live in another country.
Immigrants are people who come to live in a new country.
Net migration. This is the difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants.

Some of the reasons people migrate to another place or country are:

to find employment.
to improve their education.
to find better living conditions.
war and natural disasters in their country.

Number of immigrants to Spain by country.

Migration

Life expectancy

Life expectancy is the number of years that a person is expected to live.

Life expectancy in Spain has increased. This is because of advances in medicine and improvements in living and working conditions.

In Spain, there are more elderly people than young people. This is because the birth rate is low and people are living for longer. This is called an ageing population.

Population and employment

The active population includes all adults who are able to work. These people are employed and working, or unemployed and looking for work.
The inactive population includes different groups. There are people who are not of legal working age, people who have retired, students, and people who do not want to work. It also includes those who are homemakers, or disabled people who cannot work.

The population of Spain

Use these facts to calculate natural growth in Spain in 2012.

Births: 455,000

Deaths: 403,000

1 attempt

Use these facts to calculate net migration in Spain in 2012.

Emigrants: 455,000

Immigrants: 305,000

1 attempt

Look at the graph and answer the questions.

Which two countries have the most immigrants in Spain?

Why do you think this is?

1 attempt

Look at the diagrams and answer the questions.

Changes in Spanish life expectancy. Active and inactive populations of Spain.

How has life expectancy changed in Spain?

Is life expectancy higher for men or women?

What percentage of the Spanish population is inactive?

1 attempt

Look at the pie chart and answer the questions.

Which age group is the smallest?

Using the pie chart, explain why the Spanish population is an ageing population.

Which age group is part of the active population?

1 attempt

Getting started

2. Population density in Spain

province	population	area	population density
Burgos	376,000	14,000 km²
Badajoz	700,000	22,000 km²
Navarre	640,000	10,400 km²
Las Palmas	1,100,000	4,000 km²
Vizcaya	1,160,000	2,200 km²

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Getting started

A crowded planet

Read and understand

Population

Birth rate and death rate

The population of Spain

Migration

Migration

Life expectancy

Population and employment

2. Population density in Spain

Population density

Densely populated areas of Spain

Population density by areas

What is population density?

Population density in Spain

3. The population of Europe

Characteristics of the population

Immigration in Europe

Population distribution in Europe

The population of Europe

The population of Europe

Know how to

Interpret a population pyramid

Do you know how to interpret a population pyramid?

Show that you can do it

Interpret a population pyramid

Show what you know

1. Revision

What do you know about population?

Migration in Spain

Population density in Spain and Europe

Final activities

2. Test yourself

Summary

3. Play

Concepts related to population

Show your skills

3The population of Spain and Europe

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The population of Spain and Europe